util: improve/refactor URI parsing and formatting

Removed/rewritten the functions:
absuri, parseuri, and encodeuri() for percent-encoding.

The functions are now split separately with the following purpose:

- uri_format: format struct uri into a string.
- uri_hasscheme: quick check if a string is absolute or not.
- uri_makeabs: make a URI absolute using a base uri and the original URI.
- uri_parse: parse a string into a struct uri.

The following URLs are better parsed:

- URLs with extra "/"'s in the path prepended are kept as is, no "/" is added
  either for empty paths.
- URLs like "http://codemadness.org" are not changed to
  "http://codemadness.org/" anymore (paths are kept as is, unless they are
  non-empty and not start with "/").
- Paths are not percent-encoded anymore.
- URLs with userinfo field (username, password) are parsed.
  like: ftp://user:password@[2001:db8::7]:2121/rfc/rfc1808.txt
- Non-authoritive URLs like mailto:some@email.org, magnet URIs, ISBN URIs/urn,
  like: urn:isbn:0-395-36341-1 are allowed and parsed correctly.
- Both local (file:///) and non-local (file://) are supported.
- Specifying a base URL with a port will now only use it when the relative URL
  has no host and port set and follows RFC3986 5.2.2 more closely.
- Parsing numeric port: parse as signed long and check <= 0, empty port is
  allowed.
- Parsing URIs containing query, fragment, but no path separator (/) will now
  parse the component properly.

For sfeed:

- Parse the baseURI only once (no need to do it every time for making absolute
  URIs).
- If a link/enclosure is absolute already or if there is no base URL specified
  then just print the link directly. There have also been other small performance
  improvements related to handling URIs.

References:
- https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986
  - Section "5.2.2. Transform References" have also been helpful.

1 files changed, 7 insertions, 4 deletions

diff --git a/sfeed.1 b/sfeed.1
index 0045716..9dafa85 100644
--- a/sfeed.1
+++ b/sfeed.1
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-.Dd January 26, 2021
+.Dd February 19, 2021
 .Dt SFEED 1
 .Os
 .Sh NAME
@@ -13,8 +13,11 @@ reads RSS or Atom feed data (XML) from stdin.
 It writes the feed data in a TAB-separated format to stdout.
 A
 .Ar baseurl
-can be specified if the links in the feed are relative URLs.
-It is recommended to always have absolute URLs in your feeds.
+can be specified if the links or enclosures in the feed are relative URLs.
+If the
+.Ar baseurl
+is a valid absolute URL then the relative links or enclosures will be
+made absolute.
 .Sh TAB-SEPARATED FORMAT FIELDS
 The items are output per line in a TSV-like format.
 .Pp
@@ -35,7 +38,7 @@ UNIX timestamp in UTC+0, empty if missing or on parse failure.
 .It title
 Title text, HTML code in titles is ignored and is treated as plain-text.
 .It link
-Absolute URL, unsafe characters are encoded.
+Link
 .It content
 Content, can have plain-text or HTML code depending on the content-type field.
 .It content-type